Cryobiology. 2025 Dec 30;122:105577. doi: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2025.105577. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
In this brief review, I have attempted to summarize subjectively the history of disaccharide use in gamete and embryo cryopreservation, which began at least 90 years ago and has gradually become essential in many aspects of these procedures, such as the formulation of cryogenic solutions to aid dehydration prior to cryopreservation and the safe handling of cells after thawing/warming during the rehydration process. This is also, to a large extent, the history of the author's scientific activity in the field of freezing and vitrification of animal and human embryos and oocytes over the past 40 years.
PMID:41475183 | DOI:10.1016/j.cryobiol.2025.105577