Momordica charantia Prevents Reproductive and Neurological Dysfunctions in Drosophila melanogaster Models of Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) poses a significant global health threat, compounded by factors such as obesity and lifestyle. This study investigates the anti-diabetic, reproductive, and neuroprotective effects of Momordica charantia (MC) in preventing T2DM. We used a high-calorie sucrose diet (2.5 g/10 g diet) to induce T2DM in Harwich and Indigenous strains of Drosophila melanogaster. Concurrently, we administered varying concentrations of MC (100 mg, 150 mg, and 200 mg/10 g diet) and 16 mg of metformin for 10 days. M. charantia significantly improved egg-laying ability in Indigenous and Harwich strains. Specifically, 150 mg and 200 mg doses significantly (p