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J Ovarian Res. 2025 Aug 14;18(1):183. doi: 10.1186/s13048-025-01765-5.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: This study evaluates the effectiveness of oral dydrogesterone (DYD) for luteal phase support on pregnancy outcomes in patients undergoing frozen embryo transfer with natural cycle protocols (NC-FET), compared with micronized vaginal progesterone (MVP) and combined therapy.
METHODS: A retrospective study analyzed 2,035 NC-FET cycles, including both natural and modified natural cycles, conducted between January 2019 and August 2022. A total of 2,035 NC-FET cycles were analyzed. Participants were categorized into three groups based on luteal phase support regimens: Group A (699 cycles) received oral DYD, Group B (433 cycles) received MVP, and Group C (903 cycles) received combination therapy. The live birth rates and neonatal outcomes were compared among the groups.
RESULTS: The live birth rates were comparable across the groups (43.8%, 39.0%, and 42.1%; P > 0.05). No significant variations were found in clinical pregnancy rate, spontaneous miscarriage rate, ectopic pregnancy rate, premature birth rate, and newborn birth weights. Embryo implantation rates in Groups A and C were significantly higher than in Group B (44.1% and 42.9% vs. 37.8%; P = 0.029). Multi-factor regression analysis identified several independent variables influencing the live birth rate, but luteal support regimens did not significantly impact live birth rates (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: In NC-FET cycles, oral DYD demonstrates clinical efficacy comparable to MVP and combined medication. As a monotherapy, oral DYD expands therapeutic options, offering a convenient and effective choice to improve adherence and achieve similar pregnancy outcomes. This finding is significant for guiding clinical practices towards optimal treatment strategies that prioritize patient compliance and satisfaction.
PMID:40814120 | DOI:10.1186/s13048-025-01765-5